Key Considerations for Selecting an IP Speaker for Your IP-Based PA System

When designing and configuring an IP-based PA system, it’s essential to carefully select the right IP speaker. Here are seven key factors to consider to ensure a fully functional system that meets your specific needs:

1. Communication Protocol

The communication protocol is the essential factor ensuring seamless interaction between IP endpoint devices. It acts as a “language” for devices, and without protocol compatibility, devices cannot communicate each other.

• SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)
   Widely used in IP telephony and commercial audio systems, SIP supports point-to-point communication.

• Multicast
   Enables simultaneous audio transmission to multiple recipients, ideal for group or zoned broadcasts.

• ONVIF (Open Network Video Interface Forum)
   A global standard for IP-based security products, allowing seamless integration with other security devices like cameras and access control systems. Most security VMS (video management system) platforms support this protocol. (*Some VMS platforms also offer optional SIP communication modules.)

• Proprietary protocol
   These are specific to a particular manufacturer or product line.

2. Audio Codec

The audio codec plays a critical role in establishing audio communication between IP endpoint devices. Both sending and receiving devices must support the same codec. Here are widely adopted codecs in the IP audio industry:

PCMU (G. 711u), PCMA (G.711a), G.722, Opus

The Opus codec, in particular, is known for delivering high-quality audio and is often preferred for music-oriented applications requiring superior performance.

3. Audio File Playback Capability

Many IP speakers feature built-in audio file storage for pre-recorded messages or alert signals, which can be triggered by internal or external controls. If the speaker lacks internal storage, an external player or compatible transmitter is necessary. Key specifications to consider include:

• Maximum number of audio files
• File storage capacity (MB)
• Format compatibility (e.g., WAV/MP3)

4. Control Capability

Control features enable flexible operations and seamless integration with external systems. Key control capabilities include:

• Physical Control Input/Output
   Physical control inputs/outputs allow the IP speaker to interact with external devices or respond to triggers. For instance, an external sensor could trigger a pre-recorded message, or a control output might work with access control systems to release a door. These controls can often be customized in the speaker’s browser settings.

• Dedicated Program/Operation UI
   Many IP speakers offer a dedicated control interface accessible through a browser, enabling manual operations like volume control, message playback, and scheduled broadcasts.

• Remote API Capability
   Some IP speakers support remote API controls, allowing for integration with external systems, such as security VMS or building management platforms, for customized operations.

5. Priority Management Capability

Priority management ensures that important messages override lower-priority audio, such as background music. Many IP speakers offer settings to establish a priority hierarchy among broadcast streams.

6. Form Factor (Installation Environment Consideration)

For outdoor installations, water- and dust-proof horn speakers are ideal, while ceiling-mounted or surface-mount speakers are generally more suited for indoor use.

7. Power Source

The power source specification is not a matter of device function but it is till important to check for properly designing network switches or necessary cables. Here are three major options.

• PoE (Power over Ethernet)
   Most IP speakers are compatible with PoE, which allows power to be supplied via PoE-compatible switches.

• PoE+
   Some IP speakers require PoE+ for higher wattage, supporting louder sound through higher-powered amplifiers.

• External Power Supply
   If an external power source is needed, additional equipment and wiring will be required to support the speaker’s power demands.

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